Efectos óseos de los glucocorticoides epidurales e intraarticulares: revisión sistemática de la literatura

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María Lorena Brance
Ignacio Chavero
Luis Agustín Ramírez Stieben
María Cielo Maher
Rubén Abdala
Betiana Pérez
Alicia Bagur
María Diehl
Evangelina Giacoia
César Graf
María Silvia Larroudé
Fabio Massari
Ariel Sánchez
María De La Vega
José Luis Mansur
Lucas Ricardo Brun

Resumen

Osteoporosis and vertebral and non-vertebral fractures are common in glucocorticoid- m (GC) treated patients. Oral GC treatment leads to bone loss, particularly of trabecular bone. The benefits of GC used in rheumatological and traumatological disorders are known but they would have possible negative effects on bone. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of epidural steroid injections (ESI), and intra-articular and intramuscular GC administration on bone mineral density (BMD) and fragility fractures. A systematic review of Medline/PubMed, Cochrane, and LILACS up to November 2020 was conducted. Meta-analyses, systematic reviews, randomized and non-randomized controlled trials, and prospective and retrospective studies comparing the effect of ESI, intra-articular or intramuscular GC used compared toa control group or baseline measurements were included. Results: A total of 8272 individuals were included among the 13 selected articles (10 about ESI and 3 about intra-articular GC; no article was found evaluating intramuscular GC). Only a few studies showed a negative effect of ESI on bone in the qualitative analysis considering osteopenia and osteoporosis in lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip and BMD as surrogate outcomes. On the other hand, the qualitative analysis showed that most studies found an increased risk of fragility fracture. However, only two studies could be included in the quantitative analysis, in which there were no differences between patients exposed to ESI versus controls in all evaluated regions. In conclusion, there was insufficient evidence to suggest that ESI and intra-articular GC, unlike oral GC, negatively affect bone mass. Longitudinal studies are needed to obtain more knowledge regarding the effect of ESI or intra-articular GC on BMD and fragility fractures.

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Brance ML, Chavero I, Ramírez Stieben LA, Maher MC, Abdala R, Pérez B, Bagur A, Diehl M, Giacoia E, Graf C, Larroudé MS, Massari F, Sánchez A, De La Vega M, Mansur JL, Brun LR. Efectos óseos de los glucocorticoides epidurales e intraarticulares: revisión sistemática de la literatura. Actual. Osteol. [Internet]. 8 de diciembre de 2023 [citado 16 de octubre de 2024];19(2):144-59. Disponible en: https://ojs.osteologia.org.ar/ojs33010/index.php/osteologia/article/view/66
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