Prevalencia de deficiencia de vitamina d en pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19
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Introducción: La pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 impulsó la investigación de predictores de la enfermedad y propuestas terapéuticas. Numerosos estudios describieron el efecto protector de la vitamina D (VD) en infecciones respiratorias. Sin embargo, existen controversias sobre su beneficio en la progresión del COVID-19.
Objetivos: evaluar la prevalencia de la deficiencia de VD (DVD) en pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 y su asociación con la gravedad de la enfermedad.
Métodos: se incluyeron 250 pacientes (≥ 50 años) internados por COVID-19 entre el 01/09/2020 y el 31/06/2021. Se analizaron los niveles de 25(OH)D, comorbilidades, marcadores inflamatorios, requerimiento de oxígeno o ventilación mecánica, ingreso en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) y mortalidad. La DVD se definió como < 20 ng/mL. La asociación entre VD y mortalidad se evaluó con un modelo de regresión logística.
Resultados: la edad media fue de 73,4 ± 11 años, 49,2% eran hombres. La mediana de 25(OH)D fue de 20,2 ng/mL. La DVD fue del 49,2% y la hipovitaminosis D (< 30 ng/mL) del 77,2%. El índice de Charlson fue más alto en pacientes con DVD (p=0,02). Los niveles de VD no se correlacionaron con la saturación de oxígeno, marcadores inflamatorios, ventilación mecánica, ingreso en UCI y muerte. En el análisis de mortalidad, el nivel de VD no resultó un factor pronóstico.
Conclusión: la prevalencia de DVD fue del 49,2%. No encontramos asociación entre los niveles de VD y la gravedad del COVID-19, acorde con varios estudios existentes.
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Derechos de autor: Actualizaciones en Osteología es la revista oficial de la Asociación Argentina de Osteología y Metabolismo Mineral (AAOMM) que posee los derechos de autor de todo el material publicado en dicha revista.
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